hasChildNodes()

js/script.js

function funMake() {
if(document.getElementById('d1').hasChildNodes()) {
document.write('Child Yes!');
}
else {
document.write('Child No!');
}
}

function funMake() {
if(document.getElementById('d1').hasChildNodes()) {
document.write('Child Yes!');
}
else {
document.write('Child No!');
}
}

index.html

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8" />
<title>New Page</title>
<script src="js/script.js"></script>
</head>
<body>
<div id="d1">
<p>Hello World!</p>
<p>Привет Мир!</p>
<p>To be or not to be?</p>
</div>
<script>
funMake();
</script>
</body>
</html>

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8" />
<title>New Page</title>
<script src="js/script.js"></script>
</head>
<body>
<div id="d1">
<p>Hello World!</p>
<p>Привет Мир!</p>
<p>To be or not to be?</p>
</div>
<script>
funMake();
</script>
</body>
</html>